Internal-combustion engine



INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed'b'ct. 9, 1922 fnvemar:

may.

atented Sept. 22, 1925,.

D A if l,554,8'l'l Gl'a 'NIIEIF, (F COLOGNE, GERMANY.

INTEBNAL-CUMBUSTIUN ENGINE.

Application filed October '9, i922. ,Serlal-R'o, 593,394.

To all whom it may concern." Be it known that I, CARL NIEFER, a citizen of Germany, residing at Cologne, No. 21 Weidenbach, Rhenish Prussia, Germany, have invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Internal-Combustion Engines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description bf the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. My invention relates to internal combustion engines of the type operated by heavy oils.

The invention has, more particularly, reference to engines of. the said type in which the cylinder is provided with a laterally arranged auxiliary ignition chamber and in which two fuel injecting nozzles are used which are arranged so that one nozzle d1- rects its jet of fuel immediately into the,

main combustion chamber, while the other nozzle directs its jet of fuel into the sald ignition chamber. While the constructlons W of this character, known hitherto, combine the advantage of an ignition chamber of very small dimensions with that 'of a perfect atomization of the variable mam fuel charge injected into the main combustion chamber, they et possess the disadvantage that the cylin er head has to-be provided with a plurality of perforations. Such cylinder heads require the use of castings which are complicated and therefore exposed to dangerous stresses, and they render it diflicult to change a simple light Oll engine into a heavy oil engine, and vice versa.

Now, the present invention has for its object to obviate the said drawback, this object being attained by arranging between the ignition chamber and the combustion chamber a water-cooled body member which contains both the nozzle opening into the combustion chamber as well as the nozzle opening into the ignition chamber. For mounting such a body member the cylinder needs only be provided with one single perioration. Besides, said member can be readily replaced by an ignition device for W the purpose of changing the heavy oil'engine into a light oil engine.

With these and other ends in view my invention consists in the arrangement, construction and combination of the parts to be hereinafter described and shown in the accompanying drawing. 7

The drawing illustrates, by way of exam-- ple, a partial longitudinal section through an engine constructed in accordance with the invention.

Referring now to the drawing, 1 designates the cylinder head constituting the end wall I of the main -combustion chamber 2. Removably mounted in a perforation 3 of the cylinder head is a water-cooled body member 4. This member contains a central main nozzle 5 and an ignition channelb which is only slightly inclined with relation to the nozzle 5. The channel 6 opens into a chamber-like space 7. Likewise mounted in the member 4 is an auxiliary nozzle 8 which opens into the chamber 7.

9 is the ignition chamber which is connected with the chamber 7 in such a manner that the jet of fuel ejected by the auxiliary nozzle 8 will strike against the hot walls of the ignition chamber.

The described arrangement allows of, an intensive cooling of the main nozzle as well as of the auxiliary nozzle without causing too large quantities of heat to be abstracted from the ignition chamber 9. The ignition chamber. will therefore securely retain the requisite ignition temperature, even if it is of the smallest dimensions possible for securing the auxiliary ignition The nozzle 5 and the nozzle 8 are connected each to a separate fuel pump-- Pipes 10 and il, respectively, serve to supply the fuel to the nozzles. The pipe 11 is branched, as shown in the drawing, one branch leading to a source of heavy oil and the other to a source of light oil. A valve 12 mounted in the pipe 11 is designed to establish communication either with the source of heavy or light oil. The nozzle 8 injects a generally constant quantity of fuel which is almost suflicient for keeping the engine running light. Said quantity of fuel is ignited in the ignition chamber 9 and a ray of fire is sent through the channel 6. This ray of fire will ignite the variable main quantity of fuel H which is injected into the combustion chamner by means of a torch flame, or an artificial ignition is made use of by providing the communication chamber 7 with a spark plug 13 and injecting light oil through the auxiliary nozzle 8. The transition from light oil to heavy oil can he efi'ected by simply turning the valve 12.

Having thus described my invention, what ll claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

i. In a heavy oil engine, a cylinder, a water cooled bod inserted in a sing e opening in the cylinder, said bodymember being formed to provide a nozzle for injecting fuel into the cylinder, said body being also formed with an uncooled ignition chamber having direct communication with thecylinder, and a second nozzle for injecting fuel into the ignition chamber.

2. in a heavy oil engine, a cylinder, a water cooled body member adapted to be inserted in asingle opening in the cylinder, said body member being formed to provide a nozzle for injecting fuel into the cylinder, said body being also formed with an ignition chamber having direct communication with the cylinder, said ignition chamber being arranged beyond the cylinder to permit external heating, and a second nozzle for injecting fuel into the ignition chamber.

member adapted to he 3. Ina heavy oil engine, a cylinder, a

body adapted to be inserted in an opening in the wall of the cylinder, said body being formed with a nozzle for injecting fuel into the cylinder, the body being provided with an ignition chamber arranged wholly beyond the cylinder, and being formed with a channel leading from the ignition cham. ber to the cylinder, and a nozzle carried by the bed in line with the channel and having a elivery end to direct fuel laterally into contact with the wall of the ignition chamber. a. in a heavy oil engine, a cylinder, a unit body adapted to be inserted in an opening in the wall of the cylinder, saidbody being formed with a nozzle for injecting fuel into the cylinder, the body being provided with an ofiset ignition chamber and being formed with [a channel leading from the ignition chamber to the cylinder, and a nozzle carried by the hody in line with the channel and having a delivery end to direct fuel laterally into contact with the Wall of the ignition. chamber, said ignition chamber being arranged beyond andwholly free from the cylinder to permit external heating of such chamber if desired.

lln testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

GARE NIEFER. 

